2015ம் ஆண்டின் கோடை காலத்தில் ஆர்டிக் கடல் பகுதியில் பனிக்கட்டியே இருக்காது கடல்சார் ஆய்வாளர் !

Next week a British engineering team from British Antarctic Survey (BAS) heads off to Antarctica for the first stage of an ambitious scientific mission to collect water and sediment samples from a lake buried beneath three kilometres of solid ice. This extraordinary research project, at the frontier of exploration, will yield new knowledge about the evolution of life on Earth and other planets, and will provide vital clues about the Earth’s past climate.Transporting nearly 70 tonnes of equipment the ‘advance party’ of four engineers from BAS will make a journey almost 16,000km from the UK to subglacial Lake Ellsworth on the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) - one of the most remote and hostile environments on Earth with −25°C temperatures.Subglacial Lake Ellsworth Programme Manager Chris Hill is part of the team. He says,

“Our task is to prepare the way for the ‘deep-field’ research mission that will take place next year. In October 2012 we will return to the site with a team of 10 scientists and engineers to make a three kilometre bore hole through the ice using state-of-the-art hot water drilling technology. We will then lower a titanium probe to measure and sample the water followed by a corer to extract sediment from the lake.”

Lake Ellsworth is likely to be the first of Antarctica’s 387 known subglacial lakes to be measured and sampled directly through the design and manufacture of space-industry standard ‘clean technology’.For years scientists have speculated that new and unique forms of microbial life could have evolved in this cold, pitch black and isolated environment. Sediments on the lake bed are likely to reveal vital clues about the history of life in the lake and the ancient history of the WAIS, including past collapse.

Dr David Pearce, Science Coordinator at BAS, is part of the team leading the ‘search for life’ in the lake water and will go to Lake Ellsworth for stage two of the mission. He says: “Finding life in a lake that could have been isolated from the rest of the biosphere for up to half a million years will tell us so much about the potential origin of and constraints for life on Earth, and may provide clues to the evolution of life on other extraterrestrial environments. If we find nothing this will be even more significant because it will define limits at which life can no longer exist on the planet.”BAS Director, Professor Nicholas Owens, says,

“The exploration of subglacial Lake Ellsworth is a frontier science project with engineering and technology at the forefront. It is hugely exciting for the scientists and engineers working within the consortium, which sees two of the Natural Environment Research Council’s centres of excellence - the British Antarctic Survey and the National Oceanography Centre — working in partnership with eight leading UK universities.

“Every piece of equipment is a bespoke design and has been built in partnership with several UK businesses therefore contributing to the UK economy. Also this innovative engineering and technology that is being developed to penetrate three kilometers through the ice without contaminating the pristine lake will lead the way for future explorations.” The Lake Ellsworth Programme Principal Investigator, Professor Martin Siegert from the University of Edinburgh, says: “For almost 15 years we’ve been planning to explore this hidden world. It’s only now that we have the expertise and technology to drill through Antarctica’s thickest ice and collect samples without contaminating this untouched and pristine environment.”

Scientists at British Antarctic Survey and Durham University, working in partnership with Austrian business UWITEC, have designed and built a sediment corer, which can extract a core up to three metres long. The unique percussion-driven piston corer is strong enough to penetrate even the most compacted glacial sediments to extract a core sample. The unique five metre long water sampling probe was designed and built by engineers at the National Oceanography Centre in Southampton. Made of the highest grade of titanium to ensure maximum sterility and strength, it will collect 24 water samples at different lake depths. It will also capture the top layer of sediments at the lake-floor / water interface. Next year the team of scientists and engineers will live in tents, spending around three months working at one of the coldest and windiest places on Earth. The Lake Ellsworth consortium programme is funded by the Natural Environment Research Council.

 2015ம் ஆண்டின் கோடை காலத்தில் ஆர்டிக் கடல் பகுதியில் பனிக்கட்டியே இருக்காது எவ பிரிட்டனைச் சேர்ந்த கடல்சார் ஆய்வாளர் தெரிவித்துள்ளார். கேம்பிரிட்ஜ் பல்கலைக்கழகத்தைச் சேர்ந்த பேராசிரியர் பீட்டர் வாதாம்ஸ் வெளியிட்டுள்ள ஆய்வு அறிக்கையில் இதனை வெளியிட்டுள்ளார். மேலும் இன்னும் 4 ஆண்டுகளில் ஆர்டிக் கடல் பகுதியில் வாழும் போலார் கரடிகள் போன்ற உயிரினங்கள் முற்றிலுமாக அழியும் நிலை ஏற்பட்டுள்ளதாகவும் அவர் தெரிவித்துள்ளார். அதேசமயம் ஐபிசிசி வெளியிட்டுள்ள அறிக்கையின்படி 2030ம் ஆண்டு வரை இப்பகுதியில் பனி்கட்டிகள் இருக்கும் என தெரிவிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது.